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　　我認為，電話發(fā)明后不久，就有人就打這樣的電話。打電話的是一位家長，他(她)說：“你的孩子在欺負我的孩子，我希望這樣的事情不要再發(fā)生!”而這位仗勢欺人的孩子的家長卻回答到：“你一定撥錯號碼了，我的孩子是個小天使。”

　　自此以后，這樣的電話不計其數(shù)，但電話內(nèi)容卻沒有改變。當(dāng)孩子遭到取笑或被蠻橫對待時，父母的本能反應(yīng)都是抓起電話，大聲抱怨。但是最近，當(dāng)美國的研究表明以強凌弱現(xiàn)象在增多而父母的管教在減少時，以強凌弱現(xiàn)象的研究者們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)給父母打電話毫無用處。這樣的電話常常只導(dǎo)致責(zé)備，并不能真正教育孩子如何在世界上生存和解決沖突。

　　伊利諾斯州伊文斯頓市區(qū)的兒童心理學(xué)家勞拉•卡維許說，“當(dāng)你打電話給仗勢欺人的孩子的父母時，你是想讓對方改正他們孩子的殘忍行為。但是許多父母對自己孩子有這樣的行為感到非常震驚，他們不愿意相信”。最近警察部門在華盛頓橡木港口進行的調(diào)查顯示，當(dāng)?shù)? 89%的高中生承認有過仗勢欺人的行為。但只有 18%的家長認為他們的孩子會成為仗勢欺人者。

　　在美國家長與教師聯(lián)合會新的調(diào)查中，5%的家長認為應(yīng)當(dāng)通過與其他家長聯(lián)系來解決以強凌弱問題。但是很多專家警告說這樣的對話可能會被誤解，使對方勃然大怒。相反，他們認為家長應(yīng)該找較客觀的旁觀者如學(xué)校校長等來進行調(diào)解。

　　同時，如果接到了一位對你的孩子仗勢欺人的行為感到憤怒的家長的電話，你應(yīng)該傾聽，而不是一心想自衛(wèi)。當(dāng)加里福尼亞卡斯楚谷市的勞拉•麥休接到電話，被告知她 13 歲的兒子朝另外一個孩子的食物中吐吐沫時，她就這樣做了。她兒子已經(jīng)承認了。麥休說，“但受害者的母親想確保我兒子沒有傳染給她兒子什么嚴(yán)重的疾病”。她道歉并許諾讓這個男孩做艾滋和其他嚴(yán)重疾病的測試。她知道通過那種方式傳染疾病的幾率非常小，但她的許諾使對方母親平靜了下來，并且也讓自己的兒子知道父母非常嚴(yán)肅地對待他的惡劣行為。麥休是教授父母技能的“父母教導(dǎo)孩子”組織的創(chuàng)始人。她將測試結(jié)果送給那位母親，所有項目都顯示陰性。

　　記?。阂坏┐螂娫?，你可能會聽到不想聽的話。如果你手指發(fā)癢，忍住。把手放在口袋里。

　　Text 2

　　“I've never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines of his lab at Texas

　　A&M University. “It's a stupid endeavor.” That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year—or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of man's best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.

　　Westhusin's experience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy's DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when you're dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans.

　　“Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.

　　Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin's phone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missy's mysterious owner, who wishes to remain unknown to protect his privacy. He's plopped down $3.7 million so far to fund the research because he wants a twin to carry on Missy s fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy's owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clone differs from Missy.”

　　The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusin's work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we re not

　　even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?” [397 words]